Team

Valérie Fernandez holds a Habilitation to Supervise Research and a PhD in Organizational Theory from the University of Paris Dauphine–PSL. A graduate of Sciences Po Paris and an alumna of École Normale Supérieure, she specializes in the economics of digital technologies. Her research focuses on the socio-economic analysis of digital technologies, including digital innovation governance, market analysis (economic value and use value), and social acceptability. Her work is part of research projects funded by international organizations (European Commission, Berkeley University Fund, Cai Yuanpei China, etc.) and national agencies (ANR, etc.). These projects aim to provide recommendations for both public policy and business strategy. On these topics, she has published around sixty research articles and academic books and has supervised around fifteen doctoral theses. In the field of education, Valérie Fernandez has spearheaded the creation and management of several international programs in partnership with institutions such as HEC, ESSEC, École Polytechnique, and Zhejiang University. She teaches digital project governance at Télécom Paris and at Sciences Po.

Laura Draetta is an environmental sociologist, researcher at the Interdisciplinary Institute of Innovation (i3, UMR CNRS 9217), and a Research Fellow at the *Center for Science, Technology, Medicine, and Society* at the *University of California* in Berkeley. She graduated in Political Science from the University of Milan and holds a specialized master's degree in public environmental management from the University of Liège. She earned a Ph.D. in sociology at EHESS, with a thesis on industrial environmentalism in France. L. Draetta's research focuses on two main areas: (1) the social reception of digital technologies (sociotechnical controversies, dynamics of social acceptability, usage, risk perception); (2) corporate environmental and ethical engagement in the era of technological society (CSR, Sustainable Development, Responsible Innovation). These studies have received both public and private funding and have been conducted through interdisciplinary and international collaborations (United States, China, Italy, and Northern Europe). Her recent work includes the characterization of mobile communication device usage and exposure to electromagnetic fields among children (ANSES *Expo-Enfants* project, 2019-2025), and sociotechnical controversies surrounding smart meters in France, Italy, and California (ADEME *Rescompte* project, 2017-2021). Draetta is a co-author of collective expertise reports published by ANSES on the health risks associated with Linky smart meters and 5G technologies, where she focused on the analysis of public controversies. In 2020, she received the *France-Berkeley-Fund Award* for the project *"The Emergence of Public Controversies in Science, Technology & Medicine: A New Methodological Paradigm"*, in collaboration with historian Elena Conis from the University of Berkeley. She serves as an Ethics Expert for the European Commission, is a member of the Ethics Committee for Research at IPP, and is Area Editor for the journal *Annals of Telecommunications*. She teaches Environmental Transition and Business Ethics, as well as Responsible Research and Innovation at Télécom Paris and Eurecom.

Kalli Giannelos, a graduate of Sciences Po and a PhD graduate from EHESS, is a researcher specializing in ethics of innovation. She explores the ethical, political, and regulatory challenges of emerging technologies, focusing on governance, responsible innovation, and participatory democracy. Before joining the RD-ID Chair at Télécom Paris-Institut Polytechnique de Paris, she was a postdoctoral researcher, at Sciences Po (CEVIPOF) and at Université Paris Dauphine-PSL (Governance & Regulation Chair). She is the author of Responsive Ethics and Participation: Science, Technology and Democracy (ISTE Ltd/John Wiley & Sons, 2022) and has published several articles on participatory democracy, governance ethics, digital regulation, and responsible innovation. Alongside her research activities, she teaches political theory, public policy ethics, and business ethics. She also has hands-on experience in international cultural cooperation (ICOM, UNESCO) and comparative innovation ecosystems (MINES ParisTech). She is a Marshall Memorial Fellow of the German Marshall Fund.

Chiara Galdi has long been working on the subject of multi-biometric fusion, which has led her to address issues of robustness and vulnerability in biometric systems. Over the years, she has turned her attention to new challenges such as the transparency and fairness of algorithms based on artificial intelligence. She recently set up her own research group to address these issues. Currently, her work focuses on the analysis of factors influencing AI-based algorithms, the explicability of internal processes in so-called “black box” systems, and the analysis of the presence of biases in biometric recognition algorithms and procedures for correcting these biases. Since obtaining her PhD in Signal and Image Processing in 2016, Chiara Galdi has worked on numerous national and European projects, often participating in their writing and coordination. Keywords: multi-biometrics, evaluation protocols, robustness and fairness of AI-based algorithms, bias, fairness/fairness, XAI (explainable AI)

His scientific areas of interest include questions about the best practices to adopt for innovation in digital and uncertain environments. In most of his articles, he uncovers the existence of paradoxes and provides perspectives on counterintuitive results. He places particular emphasis on the production of actionable outcomes that practitioners can use to improve their professional practices. He is the author of numerous scientific articles published in top-tier journals across various fields of Management Sciences: Information Systems Management (SIM), Innovation Management (RIPME), Strategy (Futures), Entrepreneurship (E&I), and in general Management journals (RFG, REI, ...). He is also the author of five books, some of which are published by Dunod and Presses des Mines. He teaches business strategy and entrepreneurship at several higher education institutions in France and abroad: Télécom Paris, Sciences Po Paris, Université Paris-Dauphine, Essec, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, ... As an entrepreneur on multiple occasions, he supports large corporations and startups with their strategies. He also speaks as a keynote speaker to a wide audience of professionals.

Marc Relieu's research focuses on (1) the organization of co-presence activities, particularly in public spaces and places, based on empirical studies of the skills of visually impaired or aphasic people; (2) the organization of technology-mediated remote interactions (voice or written conversations, videoconferencing, drawings, maps, virtual worlds); (3) situated interactions with artificial conversational agents (chatbots), particularly in the case of their use to respond to unwanted calls. These areas of research were developed at E.H.E.S.S., then at Orange's Laboratoire de Recherche et Développement en Sciences Sociales, and at Télécom Paris, which Mr. Relieu joined in 2005.

His research focuses on: I) banking system innovation (the consequences of financialization processes, the transformation of the credit system, the internal reorganization of banks, and particularly innovations in rating systems); II) socio-economic development processes in Italy (evolution of migration patterns due to ethnic particularities, the construction of governance policies and management of flows, transformation of social protection structures and their relevance to different segments of the population, particularly women); III) organizational innovation processes (economic democracy, worker participation in businesses, etc.). Marco Zurru is a founding member of the international research network *The Foundational Economy Collective* and has conducted several research projects in collaboration with the *Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, UBA*, Buenos Aires, the Department of Economic and Social Sciences at Télécom Paris, and the *College of Management at the University of Massachusetts*, Boston. He has served multiple times as an expert to the Presidency of the Council of Ministers in Italy and the Regional Council of Sardinia.

Corinne Gendron conducts research on the social representations of the economic and political elite, on the evolution of business as a social institution, and on the dynamics of the social acceptability of major projects and new technologies. She has published over a dozen books and some fifty research articles, including Ecological Modernization and Business Leaders. Regulation Theory and Sustainable Development, London: Routledge, Vous avez dit développement durable? Les Presses internationales Polytechnique, and articles in the Journal of Cleaner Production, Ecological Economics, Journal of Business Ethics and Business and Society Review. A graduate of Université de Montréal's Faculty of Law and holder of an MBA specializing in marketing and finance from HEC Montréal, she earned a Ph.D. in sociology from UQAM, winning the prize for the best thesis from the Institut de recherche en économie (IRÉC). In 2014, she was elected Académicienne at the Académie des technologies de France, where she co-chairs the Technologies, Economies et Sociétés cluster, and was elevated to the rank of Chevalier de l'Ordre national de la Légion d'honneur de France in 2015. She was also made a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada in 2019.

AI is one of the key technologies underpinning smart cities, offering new opportunities for managing resources, improving citizens' quality of life and solving complex urban problems. However, the use of AI in smart cities also poses challenges, particularly in terms of governance and accountability. This thesis explores the impact of AI on the management and governance of smart cities, addressing not only the technical framework, but also the associated ethical, social and political issues.

The thesis explores the relationship between Digital Identity and the Environment, focusing on the case of the Green Social Credit System, which is a social credit system applied to environmental protection. Positioned at the intersection of environmental sociology, science and technology studies, and public environmental management, the thesis aims to analyze the tensions that arise, in this particular case, between environmental protection and the protection of personal freedoms and data, as well as how these tensions are perceived and managed by the promoters and users of the innovation. The empirical field of the research is based on the main pilot projects launched in Europe in this area: using the cases of Rome and Bologna, an ethnographic study is conducted on the trajectories, mechanisms, and social and institutional resonances of these projects.